O Enigma da Dor Crónica à Luz de um Clássico de G. Engel: 'Psychogenic Pain and the Pain-prone Patient'
Resumo
A dor crónica não-oncológica tem representado um desafio à medicina curativa, com taxas de êxito terapêutico aquém do esperado apesar dos avanços da neurociência, da psicofarmacologia e das técnicas invasivas de abordagem. O presente artigo traz uma análise de um artigo clássico de George Engel, de 1959 – Psychogenic pain and the pain-prone patient. Para aquele autor, a experiência da dor é compreendida como um fenômeno psíquico em seu engendramento e, particularmente, no processo de seu reaparecimento e cronificação; isto significa que, em casos de dor crónica, a existência de tecidos periféricos inflamados ou lesados torna-se dispensável (e infrutífera sua busca pela medicina). O autor descreve as características clínicas de uma significativa parcela de pacientes – aos quais chama de pain-prone patients – para quem qualquer tratamento precisa atingir a instância psíquica onde a dor está inscrita, em vez de visar estruturas físicas/corporais periféricas. Os conteúdos abordados pelo autor, psiquiatra e psicanalista, tornam-se novamente atuais e trazem luz ao delineamento de um terceiro mecanismo subjacente aos casos de dor crónica, recentemente nomeado como ‘dor nociplástica’, e à atual categorização da dor crónica como doença primária pela 11ª. versão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças.
Palavras-chave
dor crónica, dor nociplástica, dor psicogénica, dor crónica primária, dor crónica não-oncológica
Biografia Autor
João Paulo Consentino Solano
Médico psiquiatra. Psicanalista na Clínica Dr. Roberto Azevedo. Professor Titular nas disciplinas de Psiquiatria e Dor do curso de Medicina do Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo, Brasil. Autor de Cartas de Telêmaco: do ciúme à inveja, do amor à paixão (Ed. Scortecci, 2012).
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